Hungarian twin studies: results of four decades

Author:

Tárnoki Ádám Domonkos1,Tárnoki Dávid László1,Horváth Tamás2,Métneki Júlia3,Littvay Levente4

Affiliation:

1. Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Radiológiai és Onkoterápiás Klinika Budapest Üllői út 78/A 1082

2. Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Kórház és Rendelőintézet III. Belgyógyászati Osztály Budapest

3. Országos Egészségfejlesztési Intézet Budapest

4. Közép-európai Egyetem Budapest

Abstract

Twin studies play a role in examining the contribution of genetic variations and environmental factors responsible for the determination of phenotypic variables and of genetic linkage between genotypes. Hungarian twin studies, supported by three twin registries (among them two twin-database), date back to 1970s. Studies mainly focused on various congenital abnormalities, the effect of contraceptive pills and folic acid on the frequency of twin pregnancies, as well as psychosexual and alcohol consumptional behaviors. Monogenic Mendelian inheritance of lactose (mal)absorption was demonstrated for the first time. Hungarian Twin Registry was founded in 2007, which contributed to the current understanding on the background of several disorders, e.g. metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. As part of an international twin study, among others, arterial stiffness, central blood pressure, carotid intima/media thickness, venous biomechanics, body composition, lung function and smoking characteristics were also assessed. Absence of genetic background in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and high inheritance of carotid plaque characteristics were demonstrated for the first time. The review also aims to summarize future plans of the Hungarian Twin Registry. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 1579–1586.

Publisher

Akademiai Kiado Zrt.

Subject

General Medicine

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