A pubertas fejlődését szabályozó neuroendokrin mechanizmusok. Irodalmi áttekintés

Abstract

Abstract: Puberty is the stage of development in human life, when the hypothalamus–hypophysis–gonad axis is re-activated after quiescence. Humanity has long been concerned with the idea of exogenous and endogenous factors and mechanisms that influence the temporal course of puberty neuroendocrine events. Recent discoveries have helped to understand the functioning of the neuroendocrine system. It has been clarified that kisspeptin plays a key role in puberty and regulation of fertility. However, in the function of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse secretion, besides kisspeptin, neurokinin B, dynorphin neurons other positive and negative signals are involved, guiding the release of hormones of hypophysis gonadotropin. The knowledge of these nerves further enhanced the understanding of GnRH pulsation modulation by endocrine, metabolic and environmental impacts. The authors point out the risk of endocrine disruptors in the physiological course of puberty. The aim of the review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the research results of the physiology of kisspeptin, as the manipulation of kisspeptin signaling has the potential for novel therapies in patients with pathologically low or high luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatility. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(29): 1175–1182.