The Role of Oxidative Stress and Changes in the Composition of the Gut Microbiota in the Genesis of Adolescent Obesity

Abstract

Studying the pathogenetic mechanisms in the formation and development of obesity in adolescence is essential due to its high prevalence. Obesity was found to be associated with chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, dyslipidemia, the development of oxidative stress (OS), microbiota composition disorder, and other factors. A consequence of the OS progression is the accumulation in the body of cytotoxic compounds, including endogenous aldehydes, acting as mediators of damage and provoking characteristic shifts in metabolism. Gut microbiota contributes significantly to the development of metabolic disorders and obesity by modeling the cascade of enzymatic reactions of the macroorganism, interacting with receptors directly and/or with its metabolites and signaling molecules. In this context, it may be relevant to investigate the significance of the interaction of these systems to substantiate personalized approaches to the prevention and treatment of adolescent obesity.