Dermatoglyphs in People with Down Syndrome and People with Normal Karyotype: A Comparison of Quantitative Characteristics

Abstract

Background: All types of chromosomal aberrations have an impact on the development of dermatoglyphs, which changes both their quantitative and qualitative characteristics. This study aims to compare the quantitative characteristics of dermatoglyphs between individuals with Down syndrome and those with normal karyotypes in the Kosova Albanian population. Methods and Results: The quantitative characteristics of digitopalmar dermatoglyphs were analyzed on 104 individuals (54 men and 50 women) with Down syndrome from Kosova's Albanian population. The dermatoglyphs of 403 Albanians from Kosova with normal karyotypes (the control group) were also analyzed quantitatively. Using the method devised by Cummins and Midlo, dermatoglyph traces were obtained and analyzed. We analyzed the quantitative features of both the dermatoglyphs of the fingers and the dermatoglyphs of the palms of the hands. Moorhead and Seabright's peripheral blood culture technique was utilized to analyze the karyotypes of individuals with Down syndrome. A total of 40 dermatoglyphic variables were analyzed. When the quantitative dermatoglyphic features of men with Down syndrome and the control group were compared, significant differences were discovered in 20 of the dermatoglyphic variables. Significant differences were discovered in 21 of the dermatoglyphic variables when the features of women with Down syndrome and the control group were compared. One of the most distinctive characteristics of Down syndrome was the breadth of the atd angle, which should be taken into consideration. Compared to the control group's males and females, the males and females with Down syndrome exhibit wider atdT angles (161.91° vs. 92.60° [P<0.0001] and 165.48° vs. 94.75° [P<0.0001], respectively). Conclusion: The size of atd angles is the factor that most closely identifies people with Down syndrome.