Archaean granitoids: an overview and significance from a tectonic perspective

Abstract

AbstractThis special publication presents a collection of papers on Archaean igneous rocks which aim to provide evidence of a tectonic scenario that is increasingly accepted by scientists studying the evolution of the early Earth. Papers on diverse igneous rocks from the North Atlantic Craton, as well as Archaean terrains of the Fennoscandian, Indian and Ukrainian shields, have a common focus on crust–mantle interactions and granitoid diversification, especially at the end of the Archaean, accompanied by insights into metamorphic rocks. This volume, together with present research, provides evidence for a change in global tectonic regime close to the Archaean–Proterozoic boundary. After the long-term episodic formation of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) suites of oceanic origin, convergent continental margins with abundant batholiths of potassic granitoids appeared for the first time at 3.0–2.5 Ga. The batholiths involve both mantle-derived and recycled crustal material. It seems that the diversification of granitoids was caused by increased crust–mantle interactions, reflecting a significant change in mantle dynamics and plate tectonics during the Neoarchaean.