Affiliation:
1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Aberdeen, King's College, Aberdeen AB24 3FX
2. School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, The University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH
Abstract
The early Marsdenian substage (Millstone Grit Group) of the Pennines comprises repeated deltaic cycles separated by ammonoid-bearing marine bands. This cyclicity, controlled by the combined forces of glacio-eustasy and modulations in sediment supply, provides an important outcrop area for the application of sequence stratigraphic principles.
A new correlation framework is presented where two orders of sequence are identified: (1) a low-order sequence, within which marine bands (R
2a
1, R
2b
1, R
2b
2 and R
2b
3) represent a maximum flooding surface, and (2) high-order sequences nested within the low-order sequences. By integrating and correlating key exposures, historic well boreholes and field mapping, lateral changes in facies and facies association are observed, and palaeogeographic trends mapped. This allows the variation in sequence and systems tract stacking patterns to be interpreted. Three orders of Milankovitch cyclicity are inferred to control the sequence stacking patterns; long-duration (
c.
400 ka) eccentricity oscillation controlling maximum flooding events represented by the R
2a
1 and R
2b
2 marine bands, sub-100 ka obliquity oscillations (controlling the R
2b
1, R
2b
2 and R
2b
3 marine bands and intervening low-order sequence boundaries), and precessional frequencies (
c.
25 ka) which may control the periodicity of the high-order sequences.
Supplementary material:
Locality details, including lithostratigraphic units observed, gross and sand thicknesses within sequences, and palaeocurrent data measured are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6408203
Funder
British Geological Survey
University of Liverpool
Publisher
Geological Society of London
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