Chapter 11 Coal mining subsidence in the UK

Author:

Donnelly Laurance1

Affiliation:

1. International Union of Geological Sciences, Initiative on Forensic Geology, 398 Rossendale Road, Burnley, Lancashire, BB11 5HN, UK

Abstract

AbstractOne of the geohazards associated with coal mining is subsidence. Coal was originally extracted where it outcropped, then mining became progressively deeper via shallow workings including bell pits, which later developed into room-and-pillar workings. By the middle of the 1900s, coal was mined in larger open pits and underground by longwall mining methods. The mining of coal can often result in the subsidence of the ground surface. Generally, there are two main types of subsidence associated with coal mining. The first is the generation of crown holes caused by the collapse of mine entries and mine roadway intersections and the consolidation of shallow voids. The second is where longwall mining encourages the roof to fail to relieve the strains on the working face and this generates a subsidence trough. The ground movement migrates upwards and outwards from the seam being mined and ultimately causes the subsidence and deformation of the ground surface. Methods are available to predict mining subsidence so that existing or proposed structures and land developments may be safeguarded. Ground investigative methods and geotechnical engineering options are also available for sites that have been or may be adversely affected by coal mining subsidence.

Publisher

Geological Society of London

Subject

Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

Reference101 articles.

1. AGGS (Association of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Specialists) 2009. Loss Prevention Alert No. 40. Drilling into Coal Authority Assets: a Review of the Coal Authority's Terms and Conditions for Entering or Disturbing Coal Authority Mining Interests. Retrieved from http://www.ags.org.uk/site/aboutlossprevention/lp40.cfm

2. AGS 2006. Guidelines for Good Practice in Site Investigation Issue 2, March 2006.

3. Anon. 1959. Report on Mining Subsidence. Institution of Civil Engineers, London.

4. Anon. 1975. Subsidence Engineers Handbook. National Coal Board, London.

5. Anon. 1976. Reclamation of Derelict Land: Procedure for Locating Abandoned Mine Shafts. Department of the Environment, London.

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