The effect of borate bioactive glass on the printability of methylcellulose-manuka honey hydrogels

Abstract

Abstract 3D printing offers the possibility to generate complex and individualized constructs (scaffolds) for applications in tissue engineering. This is viable by using suitable inks based on advanced biomaterials. Methylcellulose (MC), a highly biocompatible biomaterial, can be combined with manuka honey (H) to fabricate a thermo-sensitive hydrogel. Besides providing favorable biological effects, H can also be used as a natural cross-linking agent. Furthermore, the addition of bioactive glass (BG) to the ink could improve its mechanical and bioactive properties. In this study, a composite based on MC as matrix incorporating H and particulate borate BG as filler, was investigated as ink for 3D printing. Besides the improvement of the inks’ printability owing to the addition of BG, the printed scaffolds exhibited suitable swelling behavior and mechanical properties. Moreover, cell biology tests demonstrated the potential of the composite for biofabrication and applications in tissue engineering, which should be further explored. Graphic abstract