Shape and Size Effect on Ultrafine Metallic Particles

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe effect of size and shape on the electronic state of ultrafine metallic particles is described with the critical review of so far proposed experimental and theoretical results. The temperature dependence of the spin susceptibility of small metal particles is presented as function of size, shape, spin-orbit interaction of the elements, and magnetic field strength. Based upon a proposed formula, the spin susceptibility of small Mg particles is precisely analyzed with the view point of shape effect. It is emphasized that the exogenous impurities have crucial effect. on the magnetic properties of small metal particles. It is clarified that the confusion in the magnetic experiments originates from the extrinsic magnetic effect. The deviation of the nature of chemical bond in small size systems from that in bulk is briefly outlined.