Abstract
AbstractDue to its basic physical and chemical properties CdTe has become a favored base material for thin film solar cells using robust, high-throughput manu-facturing procedures. The technology shows significant potential for attaining cost levels of <1 $/Wp. Close-Spaced Sublimation (CSS) is the fastest and simplest deposition process for both semiconductors used, CdTe and CdS, permitting in-line production at high linear speed of about 1 m/min.. The individual manufacturing steps for integrated modules are explained in view of their incorporation in the production line. ANTEC Solar GmbH has entered production of CdTe thin film modules on a scale of 100,000 m2 per annum using CSS as the deposition procedure for the semiconductor films and high-rate in-line sputtering for transparent and opaque contacts. Standard module size is 60 × 120 cm2. The production line is operative since 2002, without major problems. This article recounts the efforts to master lab processes for application in production.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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