Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Periodontal Diseases: The Link Demystified

Abstract

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disorders, affecting 7-20% of women of reproductive age. In the case of PCOS, the ovaries have a large number of cystic follicles linked to persistent anovulation and androgen overproduction. PCOS is also linked to other systemic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, and psychological conditions. Research studies indicate that PCOS may increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. The mechanisms underpinning the links between these two conditions are not completely understood. There is emerging evidence to support the existence of a two-way relationship between PCOS and periodontitis, with PCOS increasing the risk for periodontitis and periodontal inflammation worsening the PCOS status. This narrative review of the various pathophysiological mechanisms linking the two diseases depicts a positive correlation between the two conditions.