Sellar Metrics and Morphology in Ethnic Dogra Population of Jammu RegionA Cross-sectional Cephalometric Study

Abstract

Introduction: Sella turcica is an important landmark seen during cephalogram tracing and evaluation. Its morphology varies in persons, gender groups, age groups, and ethnicities. Aim: This cephalometric study was done on a novel population of Dogra ethnicity residing in Jammu to determine the characteristics of sella and its correlation with the sagittal skeletal structures. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study done on cephalograms and included a total of 87 patients which were equally classified as Skeletal Class-I, Class-II, ClassIII, respectively. The pre-treatment profile cephalogram of the patient were obtained in a standardised method. Manual tracing of all the cephalograms was done on an acetate paper with a tracing pencil under optimal illumination. Area, size, shape, bridging of the sella was measured using a novel template and tabulated in excel sheet and sent for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed mean area of sella was highest in skeletal Class-III (32.79±3.28 mm) followed by skeletal Class-I (28.31±1.63 mm) and least in skeletal Class-II subjects (23.27±2.91 mm). Skeletal Class-III had the greatest mean sella length (10.85±0.80 mm), depth (10.54±0.89 mm), Anteroposterior (AP) diameter (13.20±0.83 mm) followed by skeletal Class-I and least in Class-II. Normal sella turcica was prevalent among all the skeletal. Conclusion: The dimensions of the sella obtained from this study provide an estimate about the morphology and size of sella in Dogra population thus providing knowledge to the local Orthodontist about the varied appearance of sella and helps in distinguishing the physiological and pathological patterns of sella.