Challenges in the Anaesthetic Management of Congenital Disorder Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

Abstract

Pyloric stenosis is characterised by a thicker, lengthened, and larger pylorus as well as hypertrophy of the circular and, to a lesser extent, the longitudinal smooth muscles.The classical presenting features are non-bilious, projectile vomiting, visible peristalsis and hypochloremichypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis. Definitive treatment is often performed by a relatively quick surgical procedure shortly after diagnosis. Surgery for pyloromyotomy is usually performed when fluid, acid/base, and electrolyte imbalances have been properly and completely corrected, which in turn results in speedy recovery of patient. The complications linked to these diseases call for caution when administering anaesthesia for even ostensibly straightforward surgical procedures. The case report is about a 1-month old male neonate who presented with features of pyloric stenosis.Weighing the increase risk of complications and mortality, the neonate was managed using rapid sequence induction approach in combination with caudal block for an adequate analgesia.