Comparative Evaluation of Periapical Healing Outcome Following Non Surgical Endodontic Treatment in Single-visit versus Multiplevisit in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomised Clinical Study

Abstract

Introduction: Apical periodontitis is very common in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes alters immunity, which impacts how periapical tissue heals. The decision between one-visit and multiple-visit root canal therapy is currently up for debate. Aim: To compare periapical healing following single-visit endodontic therapy and multiple-visit endodontic therapy in type 2 diabetic patients by clinical assessment. Materials and Methods: The present randomised singleblinded clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, from December 2017 to October 2019. A total of 46 patients having type 2 diabetes, indicated for root canal treatment participated in the study and were randomly split into two groups: group I: Single-visit endodontic treatment and group II: Multiple-visit endodontic treatment. Thereafter, endodontic treatment was carried out on all the patients and the patients were recalled for evaluation at 1-week, 3-month and 6-month time intervals. The clinical assessment was done based on the absence of pain, swelling and sinus tract formation. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. Results: Results showed that the success rate based on clinical assessment at one week for a single-visit and multi-visit group was 56.52% for both the groups and at three months 90.47% and 86.36%, respectively. At six months, the single-visit group reported 100% success, while the multi-visit group reported 95% success. However, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the study, it was concluded that clinically, a higher success rate was found after six months in patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated in a single-visit, which was not statistically significant.