Clinicopathological Profile of Prostate Cancer Patients: A 10 years Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Centre, North East India

Abstract

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and ranked fifth among the top causes of death among men. There is limited data on the clinical profile of prostate cancer in India, especially from North East India. Aim: To determine the clinicopathological profile of prostate cancer patients treated at a tertiary care centre in North East India. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Urology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, India from January 2006 to January 2016. It included 66 consecutive prostate cancer patients treated over 10 years. Relevant information regarding age at presentation, presenting symptoms, investigation, stage of the disease, histological report, treatment, follow-up and death were collected from hospital records and analysed using Microsoft Excel software 2019. Continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation or range while categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Results: The mean age of the patients was 70.7 years, the majority (81.8%) were in the age group of ≥61 years. All patients except one were symptomatic at presentation. The mean Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) was high (264 ng/mL). Histologically, 65 tumours (98.5%) were adenocarcinoma and Gleason score between 8-10 was the most common. A total of 51 patients (77.3%) had stage IV prostate cancer. Total bilateral orchidectomy was the most common treatment, performed in 84.3% of stage IV patients. Nine patients died during the study. Conclusion: Prostate cancer was uncommon in the present study population but a majority of the patients presented with metastatic disease. Adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological type and total bilateral orchidectomy was the most common treatment, performed in the majority of the patients with stage IV disease.