Effectiveness and Safety of Fixed-dose Combination of Perindopril/Amlodipine/ Indapamide, and Telmisartan/Amlodipine/ Chlorthalidone in Grade 2 Hypertensive Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk: A Real-world Observational Study

Abstract

Introduction: Fixed-dose combination containing triple antihypertensive agents (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACE-I)/Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB), diuretic and Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB)) is recommended to achieve target Blood-Pressure (BP). However, none of the study has compared ACE-I based and ARB-based triple fixed dose combinations. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fixed-dose combination of Perindopril (Per)/Amlodipine (Aml)/Indapamide (Ind) and Telmisartan (Tel)/Aml/Chlorthalidone (Chl) in grade-2 hypertensive patients at high Cardiovascular (CV) risk. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-centre study enrolled treatment-naïve grade-2 hypertensive patients who were at high CV risk and were treated with ACE-I based (Per/Aml/Ind; Per/Aml/Ind group) or ARB-based (Tel/Aml/Chl; Tel/Aml/Chl group) triple fixeddose combination for atleast one-month at the study centre. Office Blood Pressure (BP) at one-month follow-up was used as a parameter to measure treatment effectiveness. Safety was assessed based on the occurrence of Adverse Events (AEs). Results: A total of 69 patients (n=32 in Per/Aml/Ind group and n=37 in Tel/Aml/Chl group) were included. Office Systolic BP (SBP)/Diastolic BP (DBP) were 181.44±8.52/95.19±7.25 mmHg and 183.32±6.65/94.81±7.14 mmHg in patients belonging to Per/Aml/Ind and Tel/Aml/Chl groups, respectively. There was a significant reduction in office SBP/DBP at one-month follow-up (Per/Aml/Ind: 129.31±6.44/75.06±4.85 mmHg and Tel/Aml/Chl: 129.10±5.90/75.00±4.82 mmHg; p-value=0.0001). Between-group comparisons did not showed any significant difference in terms of reducing office BP. Both groups exhibited identical safety profile. Conclusion: The study demonstrated comparable treatment effectiveness and safety profile with triple fixed dose combinations containing Per/Aml/Ind and Tel/Aml/Chl in a real-world setting.