Clinical and Histopathogical Characteristics of Salivary Gland Tumours: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Regional record is a useful strategy for the analysis of the clinicohistopathological presentation of Salivary Gland Tumours (SGTs) in a specific population by which appropriate management can be established. Aim: To investigate the clinicohistopathological presentation of SGTs in a tertiary care cancer centre, Odisha, India. Materials and Methods: This single centre hospital based cross-sectional study was carried in Acharya Harihar Post-Graduate Institute of Cancer, Cuttack, Odisha, India. Five years (from January 2015 to December 2019) clinical and histopathological data of SGTs were retrieved from hospital record section. The data collection and analysis was done from January 2019 to December 2020. The SGTs cases were classified under the histological criteria suggested by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2017. Count data were expressed as percentages and differences between the groups were compared using the Chi-square test. The results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software version 17.0. Results: A total of 319 neoplastic SGTs were included out of which malignant tumours were comprised of 144 (45.14%). Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) was the most common malignant type while Pleomorphic Adenomas (PA) was reported as the most common benign type. The mean±SD age of the patients with benign and malignant tumour was 41.94±13.94 years and 46.09±13.33 years, respectively. The percentage of malignant neoplasms in the minor salivary gland was higher (37/60, 61.66%) than benign tumours. while in major salivary glands, it was found (107/259, 41.31%). In major salivary gland, greater involvement of the parotid gland was observed. The mean tumour size of the major SGT was 3.34±1.09 cm wereas the mean tumour size of the minor salivary gland was 2.35±1.26 cm. Conclusion: The PA and MEC were the most common benign and malignant types respectively. The knowledge regarding histopathological presentation of SGTs in present study would help to pathologist and surgeons for more accurate diagnosis and further management. As, the preoperative diagnosis of SGTs is very challenging,further study in this regard is needed.