A Morphometric and Morphological Study on Dry Adult Cuboid Bones

Abstract

Introduction: Precise biometric data of cuboid and calcaneocuboid joint are not discussed very distinctly in the text books of Anatomy. A better knowledge of the joint surfaces of cuboid and biometric data would generate a three dimensional modeling of the calcaneocuboid joint and would help in the management of Cuboid Syndrome. Aim: To study about morphological and morphometric analysis in adult dry cuboid bone. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy of a Medical College using 60 dry cuboid bones from museum. Each bone was observed for its morphometric analysis as well as its pattern of calcaneal and metatarsal articular facets. Results were statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)software, version 19. Students t-test was applied to find the difference between the mean values of the parameters. Results: Mean medial length of cuboid was 33.41 mm, lateral length was 19.73 mm, height was 26.17 mm, length index was 169.33, vertical and transverse diameters of calcaneal articular facet were 24.24 mm and 16.45 mm respectively, vertical and transverse diameters of metatarsal articular facet were 21.32 mm and 13.85 mm respectively, depth of peroneal groove was 0.63mm. Concavo-convex facet with posteromedial projection and oval or reniform in shape (Type 1A) was the most common calcaneal articular facet and convex pattern was the most common metatarsal articular facet of cuboid. Conclusion: Morphological characterisation of articular facet of cuboid and its morphometric analysis help to understand the degree of movement at calcaneocuboid joint, its associated pathologies and instabilities.