Long COVID-19 Syndrome and its Effects on Various Systems: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Since December 2019, the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to a pandemic, causing suffering worldwide. Among the survivors of COVID-19, a second type of pandemic is observed in individuals experiencing long-term effects, known as long COVID-19 or post COVID-19 syndrome. This condition occurs when people who have recovered from COVID-19 continue to experience symptoms or develop new ones after a month or more. The exacerbation of symptoms can be attributed to various factors, including psychological, social, or biological causes, all of which contribute to the development of this condition. Although COVID-19 was first discovered a few years ago, its impact on a large population is still not fully understood. As the disease affects multiple organ systems, its effects persist even after the virus is cleared from the body, resulting in a significant number of individuals who continue to suffer from it. Therefore, this review focuses on the long-term effects of COVID-19 as post COVID-19 syndrome.