About Braking of Wheeled Vehicle Equipped with Automated Brake Control System

Abstract

The paper proposes a method for determining a vehicle stopping distance based on a braking rate and a coefficient of using an adhesion force by an automated control system for regulating a braking force on the example of a multi-axle vehicle. The aim of the study is to calculate parameters of the braking efficiency of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle equipped with an automated braking force control system based on the adhesion between a tire and a supporting surface. A peculiarity of the considered method is the use of the calculated braking coefficient of the vehicle and the coefficient of use of adhesion forces during the operation of automated system for regulating the braking force. The presence of new mathematical relationships between the position of the coordinate of the vehicle’s gravity center, realized by the clutches of its wheels, and the braking coefficient of the vehicle makes it possible to simulate the change in the deceleration of a wheeled vehicle in various braking modes of its motion. The terms describing the interaction of an elastic tire with a supporting surface in the braking mode of a wheeled vehicle have been substantiated. Equations are written that permit to calculate: a position of the coordinate of gravity center of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle relative to its front and rear axles; a braking coefficient value of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle based on the coordinates of the position of its gravity center, clutches that are realized between its tires and a supporting surface; load distribution between the respective front and rear axles of the vehicle. To calculate the stopping distance of a wheeled vehicle, it is proposed to take a coefficient value of use of the adhesion force equal to 0.83, regardless of the change in weather and climatic conditions in which the vehicle is operated (a calculation error under an accepted assumption is not more than 5 %). In a graphical form, a design diagram of the coordinate position of a gravity center of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle is presented, which gives a general idea about the redistribution of masses between front and rear axles of the vehicle. Scientific publications on the change in the value of the realized adhesion between the tire and the supporting surface in the braking mode of the automobile wheel under various factors have been analyzed in the paper. The proposed concept for determining parameters of the braking efficiency of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle clarifies some provisions in the theory of vehicle motion, in particular, it allows to apply the calculated method for determining the deceleration of a vehicle in the problem of increasing vertical loads on the axles of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle in the braking mode. The given method for calculating coefficients of weight distribution between adjacent front or rear axles of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle increases an accuracy of determining the amount of deceleration of the vehicle by the calculation method.