SSANet: normal-mode interference spectrum extraction via SSA algorithm-unrolled neural network

Abstract

In ocean acoustic fields, extracting the normal-mode interference spectrum (NMIS) from the received sound intensity spectrum (SIS) plays an important role in waveguide-invariant estimation and underwater source ranging. However, the received SIS often has a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) owing to ocean ambient noise and the limitations of the received equipment. This can lead to significant performance degradation for the traditional methods of extracting NMIS at low SNR conditions. To address this issue, a new deep neural network model called SSANet is proposed to obtain NMIS based on unrolling the traditional singular spectrum analysis (SSA) algorithm. First, the steps of embedding and singular value decomposition (SVD) in SSA is achieved by the convolutional network. Second, the grouping step of the SSA is simulated using the matrix multiply weight layer, ReLU layer, point multiply weight layer and matrix multiply weight layer. Third, the diagonal averaging step was implemented using a fully connected network. Simulation results in canonical ocean waveguide environments demonstrate that SSANet outperforms other traditional methods such as Fourier transform (FT), multiple signal classification (MUSIC), and SSA in terms of root mean square error, mean absolute error, and extraction performance.