Author:
Kim Eunhye,Wu Fang,Lim Danbi,Zeuthen Christopher,Zhang Yiming,Allen James,Muraine Laura,Trollet Capucine,Vest Katherine E.,Choo Hyojung J.
Abstract
Skeletal muscle stem cells, known as satellite cells (SCs), are quiescent in normal adult limb muscles. Injury stimulates SC proliferation, differentiation, and fusion to regenerate muscle structure. In pharyngeal muscles, which are critical for swallowing foods and liquids, SCs proliferate and fuse in the absence of injury. It is unknown what factors drive increased basal activity of pharyngeal SCs. Here, we determined how niche factors influence the status of pharyngeal versus limb SCs. In vivo, a subset of pharyngeal SCs present features of activated SCs, including large cell size and increased mitochondrial content. In this study, we discovered that the pharyngeal muscle contains high levels of active hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is known to activate SCs in mice and humans. We found that fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are the major cell type providing HGF and are thus responsible for basal proliferation of SCs in pharyngeal muscles. Lastly, we confirmed the critical role of FAPs for pharyngeal muscle function and maintenance. This study gives new insights to explain the distinctive SC activity of pharyngeal muscles.
Funder
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
Association Française contre les Myopathies
Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
National Research Foundation of Korea
Subject
Cell Biology,Developmental Biology
Cited by
5 articles.
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