Author:
Matsuda Kana,Shinohara Masaki,Ii Yuichiro,Tabei Ken-ichi,Ueda Yukito,Nakamura Naoko,Hirata Yoshinori,Ishikawa Hidehiro,Matsuyama Hirofumi,Matsuura Keita,Satoh Masayuki,Maeda Masayuki,Momosaki Ryo,Tomimoto Hidekazu,Shindo Akihiro
Abstract
ObjectiveThe severity of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been assessed using hypertensive arteriopathy SVD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-SVD scores. In addition, we reported the modified CAA-SVD score including cortical microinfarcts and posterior dominant white matter hyperintensity. Each SVD score has been associated with cognitive function, but the longitudinal changes remain unclear. Therefore, this study prospectively examined the prognostic value of each SVD score, imaging findings of cerebral SVD, and neuropsychological assessment.MethodsThis study included 29 patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia at memory clinic in our hospital, who underwent clinical dementia rating (CDR) and brain MRI (3D-fluid attenuated inversion recovery, 3D-double inversion recovery, and susceptibility-weighted imaging) at baseline and 1 year later. Each SVD score and neuropsychological tests including the Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, Trail Making Test -A/-B, and the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test were evaluated at baseline and 1 year later.ResultsTwenty patients had unchanged CDR (group A), while nine patients had worsened CDR (group B) after 1 year. At baseline, there was no significant difference in each SVD score; after 1 year, group B had significantly increased CAA-SVD and modified CAA-SVD scores. Group B also showed a significantly higher number of lobar microbleeds than group A at baseline. Furthermore, group B had significantly longer Japanese Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices and Trail Making test-A times at baseline. After 1 year, group B had significantly lower Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, and Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test scores and significantly fewer word fluency (letters).ConclusionPatients with worsened CDR 1 year after had a higher number of lobar microbleeds and prolonged psychomotor speed at baseline. These findings may become predictors of cognitive deterioration in patients who visit memory clinics.
Subject
Cognitive Neuroscience,Aging
Reference51 articles.
1. Normative data on tests for frontal lobe functions: Trail making test, verbal fluency, Wisconsin card sorting test (Keio version).;Abe;No To Shinkei,2004
2. Is low psychomotor speed a marker of brain vulnerability in late life? Digit symbol substitution test in the prediction of Alzheimer, Parkinson, stroke, disability, and depression.;Amieva;Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord.,2019
3. Neuropsychological measures that predict progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s type dementia in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.;Belleville;Neuropsychol. Rev.,2017
4. Mild cognitive impairment is related to Alzheimer disease pathology and cerebral infarctions.;Bennett;Neurology,2005
5. Measuring cerebral atrophy and white matter hyperintensity burden to predict the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease.;Brickman;Arch. Neurol.,2008