Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Chinese Version of the Brief Assessment of Impaired Cognition Questionnaire in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract

This study aimed to verify the Chinese version of the Brief Assessment of Impaired Cognition Questionnaire (C-BASIC-Q), and provide a new tool for the future large-scale epidemiological investigation of cognitive function in China. From March to May 2021, a cross-sectional study of 2,144 Chinese community-dwelling older adults (men = 1,075, mean age = 72.01 years, SD = 6.96 years, ranging from 60–99 years) was conducted in Jinan. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to evaluate the factor structure of the C-BASIC-Q. Convergent validity was evaluated by correlations with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and retest correlations in a sub-sample (n = 129). Linear regression was used to analyze the impact of demographic factors on the MMSE and C-BASIC-Q scores. Measurement invariance was evaluated using a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. The mean C-BASIC-Q score was 15.94 (SD = 3.43). Factor analysis suggested a three-factor structure of C-BASIC-Q (self-report, orientation, and informant report). The C-BASIC-Q score was significantly positively associated with the MMSE score, showing good convergent validity. Cronbach's alpha of the C-BASIC-Q was 0.862, and the test-retest correlation coefficient was significant (r = 0.952, p < 0.001), indicating good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Measurement invariance analysis showed that C-BASIC-Q had configural, metric, and scalar invariance across sex, age, residence, education level and marital status. C-BASIC-Q was less affected by age, residence, education, and marital status than the MMSE. In summary, the C-BASIC-Q had good reliability, validity, and measurement invariance, and is a valid tool for evaluating cognitive functioning in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.