A case report of early diagnosis of asymptomatic hairy cell leukemia using flow cytometry

Abstract

Hairy Cell Leukemia is an infrequent leukemia that can be recognized both microscopically and flow cytometrically once the patient develops symptoms. We present a case where early diagnosis was achieved using flow cytometry long before the patient became symptomatic. This was achieved by focusing on a small percentage (0.9%) of total leukocytes that exhibited a higher side scatter and brighter CD19/CD20 than the remaining lymphocytes. A bone marrow aspirate three weeks later confirmed the presence of malignant B-cells. Shortly after, the patient presented splenomegaly and complained of fatigue.