Author:
Du Yuzhang,Ma Zhihui,Zheng Juanjuan,Huang Shu,Yang Xiaobao,Song Yue,Dong Danfeng,Shi Liyun,Xu Dakang
Abstract
The clinical severity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) respiratory infection correlates with antibacterial gene signature. S. aureus infection induces the expression of an antibacterial gene, as well as a central stress response gene, thus activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). ATF3-deficient mice have attenuated protection against lethal S. aureus pneumonia and have a higher bacterial load. We tested the hypothesis that ATF3-related protection is based on the increased function of macrophages. Primary marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were used in vitro to determine the mechanism through which ATF3 alters the bacterial-killing ability. The expression of ATF3 correlated with the expression of antibacterial genes. Mechanistic studies showed that ATF3 upregulated antibacterial genes, while ATF3-deficient cells and lung tissues had a reduced level of antibacterial genes, which was accompanied by changes in the antibacterial process. We identified multiple ATF3 regulatory elements in the antibacterial gene promoters by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. In addition, Wild type (WT) mice had higher F4/80 macrophage migration in the lungs compared to ATF3-null mice, which may correlate with actin filament severing through ATF3-targeted actin-modifying protein gelsolin (GSN) for the macrophage cellular motility. Furthermore, ATF3 positively regulated inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12p40 might be able to contribute to the infection resolution. These data demonstrate a mechanism utilized by S. aureus to induce ATF3 to regulate antibacterial genes for antimicrobial processes within the cell, and to specifically regulate the actin cytoskeleton of F4/80 macrophages for their migration.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Subject
Immunology,Immunology and Allergy
Reference42 articles.
1. Staphylococcus Aureus Nasal Colonization: An Update on Mechanisms, Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Subsequent Infections;Sakr;Front Microbiol,2018
2. Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Macrophages and the Immune Evasion Strategies of Staphylococcus Aureus;Flannagan;Pathogens,2015
3. The Role of Macrophages in the Innate Immune Response to Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus: Mechanisms and Contrasts;Cole;Adv Microbial Physiol,2014
4. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Therapy: Past, Present, and Future;Rodvold;Clin Infect Dis: Off Publ Infect Dis Soc America,2014
5. Protective Immunity in Recurrent Staphylococcus Aureus Infection Reflects Localized Immune Signatures and Macrophage-Conferred Memory;Chan;Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2018
Cited by
9 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献