Sharing CD4+ T Cell Loss: When COVID-19 and HIV Collide on Immune System

Author:

Peng Xiaorong,Ouyang Jing,Isnard Stéphane,Lin John,Fombuena Brandon,Zhu Biao,Routy Jean-Pierre

Abstract

COVID-19 is a distinctive infection characterized by elevated inter-human transmission and presenting from absence of symptoms to severe cytokine storm that can lead to dismal prognosis. Like for HIV, lymphopenia and drastic reduction of CD4+ T cell counts in COVID-19 patients have been linked with poor clinical outcome. As CD4+ T cells play a critical role in orchestrating responses against viral infections, important lessons can be drawn by comparing T cell response in COVID-19 and in HIV infection and by studying HIV-infected patients who became infected by SARS-CoV-2. We critically reviewed host characteristics and hyper-inflammatory response in these two viral infections to have a better insight on the large difference in clinical outcome in persons being infected by SARS-CoV-2. The better understanding of mechanism of T cell dysfunction will contribute to the development of targeted therapy against severe COVID-19 and will help to rationally design vaccine involving T cell response for the long-term control of viral infection.

Funder

China Scholarship Council

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Canadian HIV Trials Network, Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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