Author:
Liu Elise G.,Yin Xiangyun,Swaminathan Anush,Eisenbarth Stephanie C.
Abstract
Food allergy now affects 6%–8% of children in the Western world; despite this, we understand little about why certain people become sensitized to food allergens. The dominant form of food allergy is mediated by food-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, which can cause a variety of symptoms, including life-threatening anaphylaxis. A central step in this immune response to food antigens that differentiates tolerance from allergy is the initial priming of T cells by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), primarily different types of dendritic cells (DCs). DCs, along with monocyte and macrophage populations, dictate oral tolerance versus allergy by shaping the T cell and subsequent B cell antibody response. A growing body of literature has shed light on the conditions under which antigen presentation occurs and how different types of T cell responses are induced by different APCs. We will review APC subsets in the gut and discuss mechanisms of APC-induced oral tolerance versus allergy to food identified using mouse models and patient samples.
Funder
Food Allergy Research and Education
Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Subject
Immunology,Immunology and Allergy
Cited by
32 articles.
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