Fluid Homeostasis May Predict the Prognosis of Non-infectious Fever After Total Knee Arthroplasty Within 7-Day: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: In the perioperative management of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), postoperative fever has always been a concern. Current research focuses on infectious fever, and there is no relevant research on the occurrence of non-infectious fever (NIF) and its risk factors. Hence, the aim of this study was to clarify the risk factors for NIF after TKA, and construct an easy-to-use nomogram.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Consecutive patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA were divided into the non-infectious fever group and the control group. Clinicopathological characters were collected from electronic medical records. Univariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related independent risk factors. The optimal threshold for each selected factor and combined index was determined when the Youden index achieved the highest value. And the predictive nomogram was developed by these independent factors.Results: Ultimately, 146 patients were included in this study. Of them, 57 (39.04%) patients experienced NIF. Results of the univariable logistic regression analysis indicated that intraoperative blood loss (OR, 1.002; 95% CI, 1.000–1.0004), postoperative drainage fluid volume (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.001–1.006) and frequency of blood transfusion (n = 1; OR, 0.227; 95% CI, 0.068–0.757) were independent risk factors of NIF occurrence. The predictive nomogram that incorporated the above independent risk factors was developed, and it yielded an areas under the curves (AUC) of 0.731 (95% CI: 0.651–0.801; P < 0.0001) with 54.39% sensitivity and 82.02% specificity.Conclusions: Non-infectious fever after TKA prolongs the time of antibiotic use and hospital stay. Our results demonstrated that the nomogram may facilitate to predict the individualized risk of NIF occurrence within 7-day by intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage fluid volume and frequency of blood transfusion.