Research on thermal infrared anomaly characteristics of moderate strong earthquakes in northeast China

Abstract

In this article, the daily brightness temperature data from January 2006 to May 2020 of China’s geostationary meteorological satellite FY-2E/G were used to identify the brightness temperature differences before deep and shallow earthquakes in the study area using wavelet transform and the relative wavelet power spectrum (RWPS) methods. The objective was to explore the characteristics of thermal infrared (TIR) radiation anomaly changes before deep and shallow earthquakes in Northeast China by carrying out anomaly extraction and data analysis. The research has shown that five significant earthquakes experienced TIR radiation anomalies in the vicinity of the epicenter approximately 1–2 months before the event. The amplitude of the anomaly ranged from seven to twenty times higher than average, and the anomaly lasted about 3 months. The infrared radiation anomaly characteristics before the earthquake were especially significant in the case of two earthquakes in the Songyuan area. From the research, it was concluded that the TIR radiation anomaly could act as a short-term precursor for earthquake prediction. The method employed in this study would provide great support for predicting deep and shallow earthquakes in Northeast China using satellite thermal infrared technology.