Increasing the Production of Electrical and Thermal Energy in Biogas Plants through the Optimal Addition of Agricultural Waste

Abstract

The aim of the work is to increase the yield of biogas, and, accordingly, the generation of electrical and thermal energy in biogas plants by optimally adding agricultural production waste to cattle manure. To achieve the goals set, the following tasks were solved: the yield of biogas from cattle manure was determined with the addition of various volumes of organic waste during periodic loading of the digester; on the basis of the experimental data obtained, the unimodality interval was found for the maximum yield of biogas during the fermentation of cattle pus with the addition of organic waste; Using the dichotomy method, the optimal dosage volume of various types of organic wastes into the substrate for quasi-continuous loading of the digester was calculated. Experimental studies were carried out on a biogas laboratory plant with a useful volume of 30 liters in a mesophilic mode. The most significant result is the determination, using the dichotomy method, of the optimal volumes of organate, starch, flour, whey, wastewater from wineries, crude glycerin, fuse, soap stock and molasses to manure pus to increase the biogas yield. As a result of the research, the optimal dosage formulation of various types of organic waste was substantiated to intensify the fermentation of cattle manure. The significance of the research results lies in the fact that with the optimal addition of these cosubstrates to the digester using special dispensers, the biogas yield increases from 1.4 l/h. kg of dry organic matter and above.