Influence of extraction methods on bioactive compounds from Ngoc Linh ginseng callus

Abstract

Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv or Vietnamese ginseng is a valuable medicinal herb with high economic value in the world. In this study, three target compounds were surveyed as polyphenols, polysaccharides, and saponins to evaluate the effects of factors including microwave, ultrasound, enzyme amylase, and cellulase for the first time. The results of the study showed that with different extraction conditions, the recovery efficiency of polyphenol, polysaccharide, and saponin was also different. With the addition of 1.2% of the enzyme amylase (v/v) in 8 hrs of incubation, the highest total content of polyphenol and polysaccharide was obtained, equivalent to 6.48 mg GAE/g sample and 312.48 mg Glu/g sample. While the total saponin content reached the highest value of 4.60 mg/g sample at 4 hrs of incubation using 0.8% of cellulase enzyme (v/v). The effect of microwave and ultrasound also showed a significant recovery efficiency for the three analyzed compounds. But compared to the use of two enzymes (amylase, cellulase), the efficiency was lower. The use of these extraction techniques was based on the advantages of environmental friendliness, simple operation, lower investment costs, and power saving. At the same time, it can improve the extraction and recovery efficiency as well as the activity of bioactive compounds.