The magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of radicular cysts and granulomas

Abstract

Objectives: Limited studies have differentiated radicular cysts and granulomas with MRI. Therefore, we investigated the MRI characteristics of the two lesions and clarified features for distinguishing between them. Methods: We collected data of 27 radicular cysts and 9 granulomas definitively diagnosed by histopathology and reviewed the fat-saturated T2 weighted, T1 weighted, and contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted images. We measured the maximum diameter and apparent diffusion coefficient values of the lesions. We employed Fisher’s exact test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and independent t-tests to compare the two lesions and created a decision tree for discriminating between them. Results: There were significant differences between radicular cysts and granulomas with respect to five imaging characteristics—signal intensity of the lesion centre on fat-saturated T2 weighted images; signal intensity, texture, and contrast enhancement of the lesion centre on contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted images; and maximum diameter of the lesion. The cut-off diameter for radicular cysts was 15.9 mm. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.971, 85.2%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: From the decision tree analysis, maximum diameter, lesion centre contrast enhancement on contrast-enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted images, and lesion centre signal intensity on fat-saturated T2 weighted images were important for discriminating between radicular cysts and granulomas.