ON THE NEED FOR A COMPREHENSIVE GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF LANDS DISTURBED BY MINING

Abstract

Link for citation: Gavrilov V.L., Nemova N.A., Reznik A.V., Kosarev N.S., Kolesnikov  A.A. On the need for a comprehensive geoecological assessment of lands disturbed by mining. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 10, рр. 76-87. In Rus. The relevance of the study is caused by the need to systematize information on the methods and procedure for obtaining data for a comprehensive geoecological assessment of territories disturbed by mining, based on the initial state of natural and modified components of the environment with the processes and phenomena occurring in it. This enables us to obtain information about the territories required for the development of methods and techniques for the subsequent reclamation of lands disturbed by mining. Objective: using various methods and techniques, to analyze methodological approaches that allow generating the necessary and sufficient volume of primary and required information synthesized on its basis, to proceed from a general to a comprehensive and detailed geoecological assessment of territories and areas disturbed and/or planned to be disturbed by mining operations. Objects: territories of Russia in mining regions disturbed by mining operations. Methods. Pre-selection of materials published in various publications since 2000 was carried out. Russian (E-library, VINITI RAS) and international (Scopus, GeoRef) information systems, websites of specialized and general scientific journals, library collections, and authors’ materials were used. When querying, the following basic terms and phrases were used in various combinations: «geoecological assessment», «assessment methods», «territories disturbed by mining», «remote sensing», «environmental condition». Of more than 1000 pre-identified publications, mostly Russian, devoted to various aspects of collecting and obtaining information on assessing the environmental condition in mining areas, more than 150 were selected. Publications were analyzed taking into account the most complete representation by region and publication. Additionally, materials published by federal and regional management and control authorities were used. The most important and representative ones were included in the review. Results. Existing and promising methods for collecting various data used in the geoecological assessment of territories disturbed by mining are considered. If required, these data will be further processed. Environmental, economic and social problems caused by the influence of mining operations are identified, the solution of these problems requires the generation of various information. The role of reliable and representative primary data measured on various scales is formulated to make a correct assessment of their impact on basic environmental components. The influence of the conditions of mining coal and ore deposits on environmental situation of the territories is considered. The necessity of using a set of methods for collecting and processing information, selected with regard to peculiarities of each mining area and mining specifics of various mineral deposits, is shown.