Assessment of Some Biomarkers in Liver, Kidney and Stomach Following Pineapple Juice Administration

Abstract

This study looked into the physiochemical assessment of kidney, liver and stomach following pineapple juice (PJ) administration in normal Wistar rats. Thirty-two young male Wistar rats weighing between 180 - 200 g were used for this study. The juice was administered through oral cannula for 30 days. The animals were grouped into four (A-D). Group A received 3 ml of distilled water (Control), Group B received 3 ml/kg PJ, Group C received 6 ml/kg PJ administered at 3 ml twice daily and Group D received 9 ml/kg PJ at 3 ml three times daily for one month. Blood samples were collected a day post-administration through cardiac puncture for hematological and biochemical studies. Mucosal tissues were scraped from the stomach and homogenized to check for total protein and some other gastric enzymes. The study showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in cholesterol and triglycerides (113.4 ± 1.60-104.4 ± 1.66 and 104.4 ± 1.66-74.0 ± 2.95) while low density and high density lipoproteins showed no significant difference. Electrolyte concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea and creatinine showed significant decreases. Liver enzyme parameters were significantly increased (P > 0.05) for ALP (40.0 ± 4.05 -79.4 ± 6.61 IU/L), AST (115.2 ± 1.46-178.4 ± 2.00 IU/L), ALT (86.0 ± 2.68-72.2 ± 3.90 IU/L) and ALB (3.16 ± 0.09 - 3.84 ± 0.02 IU/L). Results of Total Protein showed a significant increase while bilirubin is insignificantly different compared with the control. Results for SOD, TBAR, CATAL and MDA showed no significant differences. The study revealed that the hematological parameters assayed: Hb (11.85 ± 2.0 - 14.12 ± 1.5 g/100 ml), RBC count (6.27 ± 0.1-9.92 ± 1.5×106/mm3) and Total WBC counts (2.35 ± 0.6 - 4.47 ± 0.5 × 103/mm3) were significantly higher (P < 0.05). We concluded that the oral administration of PJ to Wistar rats for one month is beneficial by reducing cholesterol level and some toxic gastric enzymes. It also increased hematopoietic outputs, and served as an immune booster judging from the Total WBC count results while its effect on liver function is minimal based on this present study