Phytochemistry and Antimicrobial Property of Fruits of Chrysophyllum albidum against Selected Clinical Isolates

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts ofChrysophyllum albidumfruits was investigated against clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans). Qualitative phytochemistry of the plant indicated that the plant contained Flavonoids, Steroids, Alkaloids, Tannin, Anthraquinone and Cardiac glycosides while Saponins were reported absent. The maximum activity of the aqueous extracts in the test isolates was observed onStaphylococcus aureus, which showed clear zones with diameters of 24.0mm, 20.0mm and 16.5mm at concentrations of 100mg/ml, 50mg/ml and 25mg/ml respectively while it had low activity onKlebsiella pneumonia,with clear zones of inhibition of 15.0mm, 12.0mm and 10.5mm at same concentrations. On the other hand, Methanolic extracts activity onStaphylococcus aureusproduced clear zones of 21.0mm, 17.5mm and 12.0mm at concentrations of 200mg/ml, 100mg/ml and 50mg/ml respectively as its best activity while the it had least observed activity onKlebsiella pneumoniawith clear zones of 14.0mm, 11.5mm and 10.5mm at same concentrations. The aqueous extracts had greater activity than the methanolic extracts at same concentrations. Therefore, the fruit of the plant can be a good source of remedy in phytomedicine.