STUDYING OF THE SATELLITE BASED MODELS FOR LOCAL SPATIO-TEMPORAL MONITORING OF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IN COSTAL SEA WATER IN BLACK SEA

Abstract

Due to climate changes, a number of changes are observed in the world's oceans, such as a change in the amount of thermal energy and water temperature, a change in sea and ocean currents, as well as an increase in acidification. These changes lead to a change in sea water as a habitat for marine ecosystems. Since the beginning of the new millennium, many scientific researches have been focused on monitoring and studying ocean acidification as an important indicator of climate change. The use of satellite remote sensing data to study ocean acidification is gaining wide application and is emerging as a major research method in the near future. It enables continuous near-real-time monitoring, both globally and regionally. The aim of the present study is to investigate and evaluate the possibilities of applying the models for the study of marine acidification using satellite data for a limited coastal area in the Black Sea region. A review of the publications in various scientific databases related to the major projects of international and governmental organizations such as UNESCO, IALA, EC, NOAA, etc. was made. The study takes into account the gaps in the information on the acidification of the Bulgarian coastal waters by exploring the possibilities for satellite remote monitoring, which would allow the creation of spatio-temporal and prognostic models. The global and regional coastal studies of seawater acidification with satellite data, as well as the satellite studies of the Black Sea carried out so far, give us hope that in the near future we will be able to successfully apply satellite remote sensing methods in regions such as the Bulgarian coast. However, there are currently no data on quantitative analyzes based on satellite data for the Black Sea, such as the calculations of the parameters of the carbon cycle in sea water. This leads to the impossibility of conducting satellite monitoring of acidification in our region at the present time.