Genome-Wide Identification, Expression, and Molecular Characterization of the CONSTANS-like Gene Family in Seven Orchid Species

Author:

Wei Yonglu1ORCID,Jin Jianpeng1,Lin Zengyu1,Lu Chuqiao1,Gao Jie1,Li Jie1,Xie Qi1,Zhu Wei1,Zhu Genfa1,Yang Fengxi1

Affiliation:

1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Abstract

The orchid is one of the most distinctive and highly valued flowering plants. Nevertheless, the CONSTANS-like (COL) gene family plays significant roles in the control of flowering, and its functions in Orchidaceae have been minimally explored. This research identified 68 potential COL genes within seven orchids’ complete genome, divided into three groups (groups I, II, and III) via a phylogenetic tree. The modeled three-dimensional structure and the conserved domains exhibited a high degree of similarity among the orchid COL proteins. The selection pressure analysis showed that all orchid COLs suffered a strong purifying selection. Furthermore, the orchid COL genes exhibited functional and structural heterogeneity in terms of collinearity, gene structure, cis-acting elements within their promoters, and expression patterns. Moreover, we identified 50 genes in orchids with a homology to those involved in the COL transcriptional regulatory network in Arabidopsis. Additionally, the first overexpression of CsiCOL05 and CsiCOL09 in Cymbidium sinense protoplasts suggests that they may antagonize the regulation of flowering time and gynostemium development. Our study will undoubtedly provide new resources, ideas, and values for the modern breeding of orchids and other plants.

Funder

2022 Provincial Rural Revitalization Strategy Special Fund Seed Industry Revitalization Project

National Key RD Program

Innovation Team of Modern Agriculture Industry Technology System in Guangdong Province

Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Discipline Team Construction Project

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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