Pathophysiological Features of Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons in Animal Models of Parkinson’s Disease

Author:

Guatteo EziaORCID,Berretta NicolaORCID,Monda Vincenzo,Ledonne AdaORCID,Mercuri Nicola BiagioORCID

Abstract

The degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons is considered the hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and it is triggered by different factors, including mitochondrial dysfunction, Lewy body accumulation, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity and metal accumulation. Despite the extensive literature devoted to unravelling the signalling pathways involved in neuronal degeneration, little is known about the functional impairments occurring in these cells during illness progression. Of course, it is not possible to obtain direct information on the properties of the dopaminergic cells in patients. However, several data are available in the literature reporting changes in the function of these cells in PD animal models. In the present manuscript, we focus on dopaminergic neuron functional properties and summarize shared or peculiar features of neuronal dysfunction in different PD animal models at different stages of the disease in an attempt to design a picture of the functional modifications occurring in nigral dopaminergic neurons during disease progression preceding their eventual death.

Funder

Ministero della Salute

Ministry of Education, Universities and Research

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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