Improved Agricultural Drought Monitoring with an Integrated Drought Condition Index in Xinjiang, China

Author:

Li Haixia1,Yin Yuanyuan2,Zhou Jing1ORCID,Li Fuxing3

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

2. Institute of Science and Technology Education, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100101, China

3. Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolution and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050010, China

Abstract

Drought is a natural disaster with severe global agricultural and economic impacts. Accurate drought indices are needed for improved assessment and monitoring; however, most existing drought indices poorly represent agricultural drought due to complex interactions among meteorological factors, crop and soil conditions. Here, we compute an integrated drought condition index (IDCI) based on the 3-month standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI3), vegetation cover index (VCI) and soil moisture condition index (SMCI). We apply the IDCI to monitoring agricultural drought in Xinjiang, China. After regional evaluations with soil moisture, precipitation and air temperature observations, as well as with the scaled crop yields index, the IDCI was used to describe spatiotemporal changes in regional drought in Xinjiang during 2000–2018, revealing adverse impacts on crop yield (beet, wheat and vegetables). The IDCI is strongly correlated with observed soil moisture and performs better than SMCI, VCI or SPEI3, demonstrating that the IDCI is suitable for agricultural drought monitoring. The most severe drought occurred in the spring to autumn of 2008. Droughts before 2008 were more serious than those after 2008, in terms of both severity and frequency. Droughts in northern, southern and eastern Xinjiang, as well as in the Tianshan Mountains, were generally increasing before 2008 and then weakened after 2008.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

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