Performance and Sensitivity Properties of Solid Heterogeneous Rocket Propellant Based on a Binary System of Oxidizers (PSAN and AP)

Abstract

Solid heterogeneous rocket propellants (SHRP) containing ammonium perchlorate (AP) emit a lot of hydrogen chloride (HCl) during combustion, which poses various environmental issues and makes the detection of the rockets easier. Part of the AP can be replaced by ammonium nitrate (V) (AN), which does not lead to the production of HCl. AN is a commonly used environmentally friendly oxidizer, but it is not usually applied in SHRP due to its disadvantages. One of these disadvantages is a phase transition near room temperature, which causes the density change of AN. Three types of phase stabilized ammonium nitrate (V) (PSAN) with inorganic potassium salts were obtained in order to shift this transition into higher temperatures (above the temperature range of the storage and the usage of SHRP). The SHRP with the PSAN were obtained, and the measurements of the heat of combustion, density, hardness, the sensitivity to mechanical stimuli and the thermomechanical properties were performed. The obtained propellants were characterized by similar operational parameters or were slightly lower than those without the PSAN. This means that AP can be partially replaced without significantly compromising the handling, safety or functionality of the propellants, while increasing the environmental performance of the solution.