Shockwave Lithotripsy for De-Novo Urolithiasis after Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Author:

Cerrato Clara1,Jahrreiss Victoria12,Nedbal Carlotta13ORCID,Ripa Francesco14,De Marco Vincenzo5,Monga Manoj6,Pietropaolo Amelia17ORCID,Somani Bhaskar1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK

2. Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria

3. Urology Unit, School of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy

4. Department of Urology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy

5. Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy

6. Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA

7. European Association of Urology-Young Academic Urologists (EAU-YAU), Urolithiasis and Endourology Working Group, NL-6803 AA Arnhem, The Netherlands

Abstract

Background: Allograft urolithiasis is an uncommon, challenging, and potentially dangerous clinical problem. Treatment of allograft stones includes external shockwave lithotripsy (SWL), flexible ureteroscopy and lasertripsy (fURSL), or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). A gap in the literature and guidelines exists regarding the treatment of patients in this setting. The aim of this systematic review was to collect preoperative and treatment characteristics and evaluate the outcomes of post-transplant SWL for stone disease. Methods: A systematic search in the literature was performed, including articles up to March 2023. Only original English articles were selected. Results: Eight articles (81 patients) were included in the review. Patients were mainly male, with a mean age of 41.9 years (±7.07). The mean stone size was 13.18 mm (±2.28 mm). Stones were predominantly located in the kidney (n = 18, 62%). The overall stone-free rate and complication rates were 81% (range: 50–100%) and 17.2% (14/81), respectively, with only one major complication reported. A pre-operative drainage was placed in eleven (13.5%) patients. Five patients (6.71%) required a second treatment for residual fragments. Conclusions: SWL is a safe and effective option to treat de novo stones after transplantation. Larger studies are needed to better address allograft urolithiasis management.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

Reference51 articles.

1. (2023, May 04). UK Renal Registry 24th Annual Report. Available online: https://ukkidney.org/audit-research/annual-report.

2. (2023, May 04). National Kidney Foundation. Available online: https://www.kidney.org.

3. Quality of life of patients treated for kidney stones 10–20 mm in diameter in terms of the type of operation performed: A qualitative study;Neuville;Prog. Urol.,2023

4. Incidence of kidney stones in kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis;Cheungpasitporn;World J. Transpl.,2016

5. Lithiasis in 1,313 Kidney Transplants: Incidence, Diagnosis, and Management;Cassini;Transpl. Proc.,2012

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