Metabolomic Profiling (LC–MS2) of Flowers and Bee Honey of Dzidzilche (Gymnopodium floribundum Rolfe) and Jabin (Piscidia piscipula L. Sarg.) from Yucatán, México
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Published:2023-10-20
Issue:10
Volume:11
Page:3028
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ISSN:2227-9717
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Container-title:Processes
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Processes
Author:
Mendoza-Osorno Andrea Elizabeth1, Avilés-Betanzos Kevin Alejandro1ORCID, Uc-Varguez Alberto1, Carballo-Castañeda Rommel2, Moreno-Ulloa Aldo2, Ramírez-Sucre Manuel Octavio1ORCID, Rodríguez-Buenfil Ingrid Mayanin1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Subsede Sureste, Tablaje Catastral 31264, Km. 5.5 Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Mérida 97302, Yucatán, Mexico 2. Departamento de Innovación Biomédica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico
Abstract
Yucatan, Mexico, is renowned for its rich plant diversity, with ~40% melliferous plants. Yucatan bee honey (BH) constitutes ~15.83% of Mexico’s annual BH production, giving high international value. Major melliferous families in Yucatan include Fabaceae, with Piscidia piscipula (“Jabin”) as an example, and Polygonaceae, with Gymnopodium floribundum (“Dzidzilche”), crucial for BH production. This study aimed to profile the metabolome of Jabin and Dzidzilche flowers and their associated BH to identify metabolites for each flower coming from two regions (Tahdziu and Acanceh) of Yucatán. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS2), total polyphenol content (TPC), and antioxidant capacity (AC) were implemented. As many as 101 metabolites (69 in flowers, 55 in BH) were tentatively identified using spectral libraries and in silico predictions, predominantly flavonoids, which accounted for 50.7% of the total identified metabolites in flower and 16.4% in BH. Samples exhibited variations in TPC, AC, secondary metabolites, and chemical classes depending on geography and botanical origin. Dzidzilche flowers from Acanceh displayed the highest total polyphenol content (TPC, 1431.24 ± 15.38 mg GAE/100 g dry matter) and antioxidant capacity (AC, 93.63% inhibition). Among the metabolites detected in flowers (Piscidia piscipula, Gymnopodium floribundum), 50.7% were found to be part of the flavonoid chemical class, whereas in their respective honey samples, only 16.4% of the identified metabolites were categorized as flavonoids. Vanillin and vitexin were tentatively identified as potential markers for the botanical origin identification of honey from Piscidia piscipula and Gymnopodium floribundum, respectively. Recognizing botanical and geographic BH origin is important for product authentication, identification, and traceability. This study offers chemical insights that can be valuable and complementary to melissopalynology, aiding in determining the origin and quality of Yucatan BH.
Funder
National Council of Humanities, Sciences, and Technologies of Mexico
Subject
Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering
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