Multipotent Antiviral Effects of Deacetylated Chitosan Supplemented with Grapefruit Seed Extract against Influenza and Parainfluenza Viruses

Author:

Seo Dong Soo1,Lee Joong Su2ORCID,Shin Yong Chul2ORCID,Jang Younghoon1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea

2. Amicogen Inc., 64 Dongburo 1259, Jinsung, Jinju 52621, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Chitosan, poly[β-(1–4)-linked-2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose], is a polysaccharide with broad applications in various biomaterial and biomedical fields, primarily because of its nontoxicity. Because the biodegradable biopolymer chitosan can be catalyzed by the alkaline partial deacetylation of chitin in shrimp and crab shells, its degree of deacetylation is crucial for proper application. However, the antiviral properties of deacetylated chitosan in combination with other compounds remain unclear. We used a plaque assay to examine the antiviral activity of deacetylated chitosan against human influenza A virus (H1N1) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) when supplemented with grapefruit seed extract (GSE). We demonstrated that deacetylated chitosan reduced H1N1- and HPIV3-induced plaque formation in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Chitosan also decreased viral RNA expression in H1N1- and HPIV3-infected A549 cells. Furthermore, antiviral activity analysis in human A549 cells revealed that deacetylated chitosan prevented virus-induced p38 MAPK activation and mitochondrial fragmentation. These findings indicate that deacetylated chitosan with GSE may be a promising antiviral biomaterial against influenza and parainfluenza viruses.

Funder

Amicogen, Inc., Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by the Ministry of Education

Korea Institute of Marine Science and Technology Promotion (and) funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries

Financial Program for Self-Directed Research Capacity

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science

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