Pseudo-Spin Symmetry and the Hints for Unstable and Superheavy Nuclei

Author:

Geng Jing1,Wang Zhiheng123,Liu Jia1,Li Jiajie4ORCID,Long Wenhui123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

2. Frontier Science Center for Rare Isotope, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

3. Joint Department for Nuclear Physics, Lanzhou University and Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

4. School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Abstract

The pseudo-spin symmetry (PSS) provides an important angle to understand nuclear microscopic structure and the novel phenomena found in unstable nuclei. The relativistic Hartree–Fock (RHF) theory, that takes the important degrees of freedom associated with the π-meson and ρ-tensor (ρ-T) couplings into account, provides an appropriate description of the PSS restoration in realistic nuclei, particularly for the pseudo-spin (PS) doublets with high angular momenta (l˜). The investigations of the PSS within the RHF theory are recalled in this paper by focusing on the effects of the Fock terms. Aiming at common artificial shell closures appearing in previous relativistic mean-field calculations, the mechanism responsible for the PSS restoration of high-l˜ orbits is stressed, revealing the manifestation of nuclear in-medium effects on the PSS, and thus, providing qualitative guidance on modeling the in-medium balance between nuclear attractions and repulsions. Moreover, the essential role played by the ρ-T coupling, that contributes mainly via the Fock terms, is introduced as combined with the relations between the PSS and various nuclear phenomena, including the shell structure and the evolution, novel halo and bubble-like phenomena, and the superheavy magicity. As the consequences of the nuclear force in complicated nuclear many-body systems, the PSS itself and the mechanism therein can not only deepen our understanding of nuclear microscopic structure and relevant phenomena, but also provide special insight into the nature of the nuclear force, which can further enrich our knowledge of nuclear physics.

Funder

Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development (R&D) Program

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Supercomputing Center of Lanzhou University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference178 articles.

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