A Hybrid Fuzzy LQR-PI Blade Pitch Control Scheme for Spar-Type Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Abstract

Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) experience unbalanced loads and platform motion due to the coupling of variable wind and wave loads, which leads to output power fluctuation and increased fatigue loads. This paper introduces a new blade pitch control strategy for FOWTs that combines fuzzy logic with a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and a proportional-integral (PI) controller. The fuzzy PI controller dynamically adjusts the PI control gains to regulate rotor speed and stabilize output power. Fuzzy LQR is employed for individual pitch control, utilizing fuzzy logic to adaptively update feedback gains to achieve stable power output, suppress platform motion, and reduce fatigue load. Co-simulations conducted with OpenFAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence) and MATLAB/Simulink under diverse conditions demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over traditional PI control. The results show significant reductions in platform pitch, roll, and heave motion by 17%, 27%, and 48%, respectively; blade out-of-plane, pitch, and flapwise bending moments are reduced by 38%, 44%, and 36%; and the tower base roll and pitch bending moments are reduced by up to 29% and 22%, respectively. The proposed control scheme exhibits exceptional environmental adaptability, enhancing FOWT’s power regulation, platform stability, and reliability in complex marine environments.