Analysing the Impact on Health and Environment from Biogas Production Process and Biomass Combustion: A Scoping Review

Author:

Tamburini Marco1ORCID,Pernetti Roberta2ORCID,Anelli Manuela1ORCID,Oddone Enrico23ORCID,Morandi Anna1ORCID,Osuchowski Adam2,Villani Simona1ORCID,Montomoli Cristina1ORCID,Monti Maria Cristina1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy

2. Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy

3. Hospital Occupational Medicine Unit (UOOML), ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy

Abstract

The increasing demand for renewable energy production entails the development of novel green technologies, among them the use of biomass for energy generation. Industrial processes raise new issues regarding emerging risks for the health of people working in biogas plants and of nearby communities. The potential epidemiological and environmental impacts on human health related to biogas plants were assessed by means of a review of the available literature. Nineteen papers published between 2000 and 2022 were identified through electronic database search using search strings. The selected works are epidemiological studies and environmental monitoring studies, which aimed at investigating what are the health risk factors for biogas plant workers and for people living in the surrounding communities. The results of the epidemiological studies revealed a potential exposure to endotoxins and fungi that are associated with respiratory symptoms. Furthermore, the results from the environmental monitoring studies showed significant concentrations of particulate matter, microbial agents, endotoxins, and VOCs in occupational settings. In conclusion, the results of this literature review suggest that further analyses through an integrated approach combining environmental and health data are necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks associated with the uptake of biogas technology.

Funder

ENI S.p.A

University of Pavia

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference57 articles.

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