Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
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Published:2023-02-25
Issue:5
Volume:20
Page:4129
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ISSN:1660-4601
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Container-title:International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJERPH
Author:
Liotta Giuseppe1ORCID, Lorusso Grazia1ORCID, Madaro Olga2, Formosa Valeria1ORCID, Gialloreti Leonardo Emberti1, Donnoli Clara1, Riccardi Fabio1, Orlando Stefano1ORCID, Scarcella Paola1, Apostolo Joao3ORCID, Silva Rosa3ORCID, Dantas Carina4ORCID, van Staalduinen Willeke5ORCID, De Luca Vincenzo6ORCID, Illario Maddalena6ORCID, Gentili Susanna7ORCID, Palombi Leonardo1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy 2. “Long Live the Elderly!” Program, Community of Sant’Egidio, 00153 Rome, Italy 3. The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra, 3000-076 Coimbra, Portugal 4. SHINE 2Europe, 3030-163 Coimbra, Portugal 5. AFEdemy—Academy on Age-Friendly Environments in Europe, 2806 ED Gouda, The Netherlands 6. Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy 7. Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
Abstract
The Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) is a multidimensional and short questionnaire to assess biopsychosocial frailty in older adults. This paper aims to clarify the latent factors of SFGE. Data were collected from January 2016 to December 2020 from 8800 community-dwelling older adults participating in the “Long Live the Elderly!” program. Social operators administered the questionnaire through phone calls. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out to identify the quality of the structure of the SFGE. Principal component analysis was also performed. According to the SFGE score, 37.7% of our sample comprised robust, 24.0% prefrail, 29.3% frail, and 9.0% very frail individuals. Using the EFA, we identified three main factors: psychophysical frailty, the need for social and economic support, and the lack of social relationships. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.792, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity had a statistically significant result (p-value < 0.001). The three constructs that emerged explain the multidimensionality of biopsychosocial frailty. The SFGE score, 40% of which is social questions, underlines the crucial relevance of the social domain in determining the risk of adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.
Funder
European Cooperation in Science and Technology
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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