Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Published:2023-01-29
Issue:3
Volume:20
Page:2403
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ISSN:1660-4601
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Container-title:International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJERPH
Author:
Nucci Daniele1ORCID, Nardi Mariateresa1, Cinnirella Andrea2ORCID, Campagnoli Emanuela2ORCID, Maffeo Manuel2ORCID, Perrone Pier Mario2, Shishmintseva Viktoriia2ORCID, Grosso Francesca Maria2, Castrofino Ambra2, Castaldi Silvana23ORCID, Romanò Luisa2, Gianfredi Vincenza2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy 2. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy 3. Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents the 6th cause of cancer death. Although the aetiology of PC is not completely understood, numerous risk factors have been identified in association with this cancer, among them diet. However, little is known about the association between the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and the risk of PC. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis according to the PRISMA guidelines, searching on three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Both fixed and random effect models were performed. The Effect size was reported as a hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). A total of eight articles were included. The methodological quality of the included meta-analyses was high. Our results show that a higher adherence to the MedDiet is associated with a lower risk of PC [HR:0.82 (0.76–0.88) p < 0.001, based on 1,301,320 subjects]. The results were also confirmed in sensitivity and subgroups analyses (avoidance of potential overlapping effects, type of tools used to assess dietary intake and the diagnosis of PC, prevalence and incidence of PC risk, country where the studies took place, sex, and cancer site). Promoting a higher adherence to the MedDiet could be an effective approach to reduce the risk of PC.
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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