Comparative Analysis of Health- and Vision-Related Quality of Life Measures among Trinidadians with Low Vision and Normal Vision—A Cross-Sectional Matched Sample Study

Author:

Ekemiri Kingsley K.12ORCID,Botchway Edith N.34,Ezinne Ngozika E.12ORCID,Sirju Nikolai1ORCID,Persad Tea1,Masemola Hlabje Carel5ORCID,Chidarikire Sherphard6,Ekemiri Chioma C.7,Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi28

Affiliation:

1. Optometry Unit, Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, St. Augustine 685509, Trinidad and Tobago

2. Department of Optometry, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 3629, South Africa

3. Brain and Mind Group, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia

4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia

5. Department of Optometry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa

6. School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia

7. Department of Health Promotion, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, St. Augustine 685509, Trinidad and Tobago

8. Bathurst Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia

Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated the health-related and vision-related quality of life measures of adults with low vision compared to healthy individuals in Trinidad and Tobago. The health-related quality of life (HRQOL-14) and the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) were administered to 20 participants with low vision caused by diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, as well as 20 participants with no visual problems (control). Participants were recruited from the University Eye Clinic in Trinidad and Tobago. Compared to the controls, more participants in the low-vision group had lower age-adjusted NEI-VFQ-25 scores (48.3% vs. 95.1%; p < 0.001), had poor general (47.5% vs. 10%, p = 0.004) and mental (100% vs. 10%, p < 0.042) health, experienced greater activity limitation due to impairment or health problems (85% vs. 20%, p < 0.001), needed help with personal care (27.5% vs. 0%, p < 0.009) and daily routine (67.5% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), and experienced sleep problems (97.5% vs. 65%, p < 0.001) and symptoms of anxiety (100% vs. 90%, p = 0.042). All the diabetic retinopathy participants (100%, p = 0.028) had two or more impairments or vision problems compared to none in the other low-vision participants. In summary, the HRQOL-14 and NEI-VFQ-25 scores were significantly reduced in low-vision participants, who also demonstrated a greater vulnerability to poor quality of life in the presence of diabetes retinopathy. These findings have important clinical implications regarding offering appropriate support and interventions to improve quality of life outcomes in individuals with low vision.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference33 articles.

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